Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States during the Civil War, considered Vicksburg Mississippi as absolutely essential to hold. He described the vital location to be the "nailhead that holds the South's two halves together." Abraham Lincoln agreed, declaring "Vicksburg is the key" to winning the war. The Mississippi River was indispensable as a waterway for moving cargo and people.

Given the strategic value of the city, the battle fought there was among the most fierce and protracted of the entire war. The Union's siege of Vicksburg lasted 47 days before the Confederate forces finally surrendered on July 4, 1863. The loss of that important supply line did in fact represent a key turning point in the war.



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